ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the risk factors for hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and poor outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke after mechanical thrombectomy.Methods The patients with acute ischemic stroke received mechanical thrombectomy were enrolled retrospectively.The demography,vascular risk factors and other clinical data of the patents were collected.The modified Rankin scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the clinical outcomes at day 90.Good outcome was defined as mRS score 0-2.The patients were divided into either a HT group or a non-HT group according to their HT conditions.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for HT and poor outcomes.Results A total of 48 patients with acute ischemic stroke received mechanical thrombectomy were enrolled,including 25 males (52.1％).Their mean age was 64.77± 9.14 years.The mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 17.70 ± 3.77.Twenty-two patients (45.8％) occured HT,of which 9 were symptomatic HT;24 (50.0％) had good outcomes.The proportion of males in the HT group was significantly lower than that in the non-HT goup (30.4％vs.72.0％;x2 =8.293,P =0.004),while the proportions in patients with diabetes (65.2％ vs.36.0％;x2 =4.090,P =0.043) and atrial fibrillation (78.3％ vs.44.0％;x2 =5.880,P =0.015),as well as the baseline fasting blood glucose level (8.514 ± 4.400 mmol/L vs.6.354 ± 1.472 mmol/L;t =2.319,P =0.025) were significantly higher than those in the non-HT group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the atrial fibrillation (odds ratio [OR] 6.136,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.617-23.291;P =0.042) was a risk factor for the occurrence of HT after mechanical thrombectomy.The proportion of diabetic patients (29.2％ vs.70.8％;x2 =8.333,P=0.04) and baseline NIHSS score (16.050±4.865 vs.19.210±4.423);t=2.310,P=0.026) of the good outcome group were significantly lower than those of the poor outcome group,while the proportions of patients in atrial fibrillation (75.0％ vs.45.8％;x2 =4.269,P =0.039),anterior circulation stroke (87.5％ vs.62.5％;x2 =4.000,P =0.046) middle cerebral artery (75.0％ vs.29.2％;x2 =10.113,P =0.006),vertebral basilar artery (37.5％ vs.12.5％;x2 =10.113,P =0.006) occlusion and parenchymal hematoma (33.3％ vs.4.1％;P=0.011) were significantly higher than the poor outcome group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes (OR 5.898,95％ CI 1.699-20.479;P=0.005),baseline NIHSS score (OR 1.167,95％ CI 1.011-1.347;P =0.035),and parenchymal hematoma (OR 1.295,95％ CI 1.099-1.875;P=0.028) were the independent risk factors for poor outcomes.Conclusions Atrial fibrillation is an independent predictor of HT risk in patients with acute ischemic stroke after mechanical thrombectomy.Diabetes mellitus,higher baseline NIHSS score,and concurrent brain parenchymal hematoma are the independent predictors of poor outcomes.Therefore,the risk of HT and adverse outcomes should be fully assessed before mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke.